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Definition of robot

It is a machine designed through an engineering system that makes it work as an alternative to human labor. Despite its appearance that does not resemble that of humans, it is capable of performing the function required of it in the way that humans perform it. Robots come in different sizes, some of which are very small, the size of a coin, and some are large. Its size is larger than the size of a car, and it comes in different designs, as some have two legs and some have four or six, and they come with different practical capabilities. Some of them are capable of performing surgical operations inside the human body to assist doctors, others work in restaurants to prepare pies, and some of them can land on the surface of Mars. As a result of this great diversity in the sizes, designs, and capabilities of robots, it was difficult to reach a definition for them, and it has been Roboticists had different definitions of a robot, which led to a general concept of a robot, which is that it is a machine that works independently by sensing its surroundings and performing mathematical operations to arrive at certain actions, make decisions through them, and implement them in the real world.

Robot history
We list below the stages in the history of the development of robots:
Human figurines were used in 3000 BC to ring the bells of Egyptian water clocks. Archetus Tartum invented a flying dove made of wood. Egypt built hydraulically operated statues in the second century BC. Petronius Arbiter made a puppet that could move like a human in the first century AD. In 1557, Giovanni Torriani invented a wooden robot that brought bread from the store daily and brought it to the emperor. A large number of ingenious robots were invented in the eighteenth century and reached their peak, but they were not practical. Many types of creative robots were invented in the nineteenth century, such as: Edison’s invention of a doll that could talk, and the Canadians’ invention of a steam-powered robot. The first modern robots were invented by the inventor George C. DeVoll, who was from Louisville, Kentucky, in the early 1950s. He invented a manipulative device that could be programmed called “Universal Automation,” a word taken from Universal Automation. He tried to sell his product but did not succeed. It works. George Devol patented the invention to engineer Joseph Engelberger in the late 1960s. Joseph modified Devol’s product into an industrial robot, and founded a robotics production and marketing company called Unimation. For his successes, he later became known as the “Father of Robotics.” In 1958, Charles Rosen, with the help of a research team at the Stanford Research Institute, developed a robot called “Shakey.” It was a robot far advanced from the “Unimit” robot. It was named “Shakey” for its scattered and oscillatory movements as a result of its ability to respond to its surroundings and environment, even unfamiliar surroundings. His ability to walk around and notice things with his eyes.

Robot components
The human body consists of five main components: The external body structure, the muscular system to move the body structure, the sensory system that senses the environment and surroundings, a source of energy to activate the body’s muscles and systems, and the brain that processes information and sends it to the body’s systems. Since robots are machines that mimic human behavior, they are composed of the same components and are as follows:
Effectors: Its structure consists of effectors such as arms, legs, hands, and feet. Sensors: These are parts that resemble a sensory device, which detect things around them, such as heat, light, etc., and then convert the information collected by the sensors into codes that computers read. Computer: The computer in the robot works like a brain, and controls the robot’s movement through instructions inside it called algorithms. Hardware: The mechanical tools and structures that make up the robot.

Robot uses
Robots are used in many different uses and in various areas of daily life, and their uses include the following:
Restaurants: Japan is known to have the most use of robots in restaurants in the world. They use them for cooking, such as cooking sushi and cutting vegetables, producing food, growing rice and caring for crops, and preparing coffee. They also use them as receptionists and cleaning staff, and others are used as waiters in restaurants to serve drinks. . Assisting the elderly in living life: Robots are used in nursing homes for the elderly, as the Korean robot can carry a person weighing up to 100 kilograms, and the elderly can control the chair easily using a joystick. Robots also help the elderly to get out of bed, and they can also take the place of Friends relieve loneliness among the elderly. Fighting crime: Police use robots to bring them into buildings where there are armed criminals to help locate them. They also use them to inspect car bombs and in cases where there are hostages. Medicine: Robots are used in medicine to perform complex surgical operations. Doctors control through cameras and robotic arms perform surgical operations with high precision. They are also used to distribute medications to patients, and to fill the pharmacy with medications by programming them to move through elevators and reach any floor in the hospital. Education: The Early Childhood Education Center in San Diego, California, uses robots to act as teacher assistants to teach children how to speak and sing. It also helps children improve their thinking and start doing things from an early age. What is robotics? Robotics is a sector that includes several specializations, including science and engineering. These specializations are concerned with studying the design, construction, and how to use mechanical robots. It is considered a meeting point between science and engineering and the technology that works to produce robots. It is also a modern artificial science concerned with the study of programming, and robotics technologies are advancing rapidly. To keep pace with current scientific visions to create safer intellectual foundations capable of achieving more reliable and safe capabilities and results that can go deeper into society.

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